The most common type in modern vehicles is the coil-on-plug, which features an ignition coil connected directly to each spark plug.
Some vehicles have a central coil set or separate coils with wires to the spark plugs. A few vehicles use one coil for every two spark plugs, or two ignition boxes, each powering half of the spark plugs.
Common Causes of Ignition Coil Problems
Ignition coils can fail for several reasons. They're not considered wear items, but often, aging/use is the cause - vibrations and high temperatures over thousands of miles can cause internal parts to fail.
Moisture damage is also common—usually from engine oil leaks, but also from other fluid leaks or condensation.
Finally, an excessively worn spark plug can put extra stress on the ignition coil and cause premature failure. This is because the spark plug gap widens as the spark plug wears. This means that the ignition coil will need to provide a higher voltage to overcome this gap. Having to repeatedly generate higher voltages can stress the ignition coil and cause it to fail prematurely.